Freelance writer jobs in dubaiJobb

We are in search of an illustrator who can create about 2-3 pictures per page for a kid's storybook. 2-5 books every month, for now, after 2 months the number of books will change. Turnaround time has to be 24 hours for the images.

I am in need of a skilled academic writer who can assist me in creating content effectively targeting young adults aged between 20 and 35. Skills needed: - Exceptional academic writing skills - Ability to connect with and engage a younger audience - Familiarity with current issues of interest to this demographic - Strong research capabilities - Diligence for deadlines Experience: - Evidence of previous academic writing - Successful completion of projects targeting the 20-35 age group. This job requires creativity and a clear understanding of the needs and interests of young adults. I look forward to seeing your proposal, including samples of any similar work you have completed.

I am in need of an Excel guru to assist with my project involving fewer than 5 sheets. Help is needed to organize and format data effectively. Beyond just basic formatting, the project also requires the use of advanced formulas, specifically VLOOKUP and INDEX MATCH. The ideal freelancer for this task should have: - Expert knowledge in Excel formatting and data organization - Proven experience in creating and using advanced Excel formulas like VLOOKUP or INDEX MATCH - Strong attention to detail and focus on data accuracy - The ability to complete tasks efficiently and on time. Rest assured, if this project is successful, there could be more opportunities for similar jobs in the future. Looking forward to your bids.

I am in search of a skilled writer and Wikipedia editor to create a captivating professional page for my career as a renowned animation producer. Key Tasks: - Include my biography, accurately representing both my personal and professional life. - Highlight my career achievements, focusing on my most remarkable contributions in the animation industry. - Showcase specific works that have significantly impacted my career progression and reputation. Timeline: - I require this project to be completed within a month. Ideal Candidate: - You should be experienced in creating and editing Wikipedia pages. - A background in creative writing or journalism is highly preferred to bring a storytelling aspect to the page. - Familiarity with the animation industry wou...

Looking for a skilled Copywriter to join our team and help create educational, casual, and conversational content for our finance platform targeted towards women. The task at hand not on...engaging blog posts, investing newsletters, and Instagram captions. Key roles: • Crafting engaging and informative content about stock market investing that resonates with our female audience. • Successfully translating complex investing concepts into easy language that isn't intimidating for those new to investing. Ideal Candidate: • Has a solid background in content writing within the finance sector. • Is comfortable writing in a casual and conversational tone. • Holds a deep understanding of stock market investments. • Is passionate about inspiring ...

I'm in need of a talented individual with extensive experience in working with Blazor for my current project. My goal is to create a Reddit-style website, featuring user registration/authentication, an upvoting and downvoting system, as well as a commenting system. What I'm Looking For: - Extensive Blazor experience: Your understanding of Blazor should be deep and thorough. This is more important than all other skills for this job. What You Should Include in Your Application: - Experience: Your past projects and experiences are important to me. Please outline how you've used Blazor in the past, and describe any especially relevant jobs you've completed. I look forward to seeing your applications, and to working with one of you on ...

More details: I am in need of a cannabis industry SEO Blog writer. The articles need to be keyword researched, human written and researched and should bypass any AI detectors.

I'm looking for a freelance designer with experience in modern, stylish formats to reshape and sophisticate my training manual. Key Responsibilities: - Creating an appealing header and footer for every page. - Placing photos moderately. - Adding shapes and colors that match the modern aesthetic. - Ensuring a consistent flow throughout the manual. - Designing a proper table of contents. Required Skills: - High proficiency in design software. - Ability to balance visual attractiveness with readability. - Demonstrated experience with modern design techniques. - Ability to work with minimal supervision and deliver high-quality work. This project leans more towards attractiveness of design rather than simplicity of reading. However, it's essential to strike ...

...seeking a talented and passionate freelance developer excited about artificial intelligence and cutting-edge technologies to join our innovative project at the intersection of AI and entertainment. If you have proven expertise in API integration, especially with OpenAI, and solid experience with Google services (Docs, Sheets, Drive), we would love to meet you. Missions: Integrate the OpenAI API to develop advanced interaction and content analysis functionalities. Utilize Google Docs, Sheets, and Drive APIs for creating, editing, and managing dynamic content. Collaborate with our team to develop and deploy a real-time moderation bot on Discord. Participate in the full development cycle: design, development, testing, and deployment. Profile Sought: Deep expertise i...

We are seeking a proficient writer with solid SEO knowledge. The main task will consist of writing engaging the hardware and lighting fixtures articles, primarily promoting our products and improving article ranking on Google. Key Responsibilities: - Construct well-researched and high-quality articles on home decor and improvement. - The articles should primarily focus on promoting our products. - Integrate SEO strategies in the articles to increase visibility and improve ranking. Project Requirements: - Excellent command of English and writing skills. - Profound understanding of SEO techniques and strategies. - Demonstrated experience in product recommendations and content generation. - Attention to detail and the ability to meet tight deadlines. - Ability to conduc...

I'm seeking a talented writer to create a self-help book primarily targeted towards professionals. This book should serve as a roadmap to success and help them overcome hurdles in their professional lives. - Genre: The book should fall under the non-fiction category. - Subject Matter: It should primarily focus on self-help, personal development and career growth. - Target Audience: The book should be written in a way that appeals and caters to professionals who are ambitious and are looking to improve their productivity, work ethics, professional relationships and overall career. The ideal freelancer for this job would: - Have experience in professional development and/or self-help writing. - Possess solid understanding of challenges faced by professio...

In this project, I am looking to raise awareness about child abuse. A powerful poem is my chosen medium for this purpose. I am seeking a talented creative writer or poet who can bring to light this sensitive subject with empathy, courage, and resilience. Not only will your piece need to convey these emotions, but it should also evoke feelings of hope and healing. Here is what I am looking for: - Skill in creative writing or poetry, particularly dealing with delicate topics - Capacity to express emotional depth and understanding of child abuse trauma - Ability to depict resilience and hope amidst shared struggles Your work will be instrumental in advocating for survivors, educating the public, and influencing a push for stronger legal protections. Your words...

I am in need of a legal content writer to summarise domestic violence incidents on an existing Excel spreadsheet. The document will serve as a detailed historical record of events for various professionals including lawyers, therapists, law enforcement and anyone else who might be involved. Key Details: - I require a proficient writer to edit and rewrite summaries of events which are already on an Excel timeline sheet (also on Airtable if writer prefers). - Add key words to summaries. - There are more than 21 instances that need revisiting. Ideal Skills For This Job: - In-depth knowledge of Family Domestic Violence Law. - Excellent writing, editing, and proofreading skills. - Ability to translate legal jargon into easy-to-understand language. - Exper...

VitaLinspire Jobs listing : Position: Sales Representative - VitaLinspire Job Type: Freelance/Commission-Based Location: Fully Remote Salary: Commission on Upfront Fees for Website Creation (225 CAD $ per sale) VitaLinspire, a groundbreaking digital services provider, is expanding its team and seeking dynamic Sales Representatives to drive our business growth. As a Sales Rep, revel in the freedom to work at your own pace, whether part-time or full-time, with the flexibility of fully remote work. Responsibilities: Propel sales for our cutting-edge website creation services. Achieve a target of at least 2 client per week. Advocate VitaLinspire's digital solutions to local businesses. Master the art of effective cold calls to engage potential clients. Qualific...

In your bid please start with the response to the below question, otherwise I will not be contacting you. Question Can you check one thing on your mobile, if you search for jobs on indeed website or mobile app, in filters are you able to filter "Easy Apply" jobs and also check once you use the filter it only shows easy apply jobs and not all jobs. If this is working correctly, please mention this in your bid. This is required for the job. End of question I'm in need of a reliable and efficient virtual assistant to help me with online job applications. Payment will be made per job application submitted. Your tasks will revolve around: • Finding suitable job postings in the finance industry, specifically ...

I'm in need of a talented Lottie designer to handle the creation of my logo and hero animation. A background in abstract design is highly preferred, and I'm hoping to work collaboratively with a professional who can combine my own ideas with their creative concepts. In addition to this, I'm looking for a skilled content writer to help me populate my website with SEO-friendly content. This will involve producing well-researched, relevant and engaging copy that will both drive traffic to my site and keep visitors engaged. Ideal candidates should be: - Highly experienced in Lottie design, specifically abstract hero animation - Able to work collaboratively and take onboard ideas while providing their own unique concepts - Experienced in...

I need someone skilled in installing commercial dairy cabinets. I have regular installations required on an ongoing basis. Due to the frequency of the work, the ideal candidate will be based locally in Newcastle. Previous experience in this specific type of refrigeration installation is preferred. The workload varies, but expect consistent and continuous jobs. Proficiency in maintenance and repairs is a bonus but not a prerequisite. I look forward to building a long-term professional relationship with a reliable and capable technician.

** Agencies please don't bid your bid won't be accepted ** looking for a fresher or 1 year experience social media manager to work on my personal account only bid if you willing to work hard and learn responsibilities : Instagram , Facebook management content writing knowledge of social media tools can manage multiple accounts creative writing is a must

...printed diary into a digital copy. The ideal freelancer would have a keen eye for details and experience in transcription jobs. Proficiency in English is also crucial. - I am not interested in maintaining the same layout and format as the original printed diary, a simple transcription to PDF format is needed. -There are pictures on some of the pages, I want to move them to their own pages and will need to label them - The final product should be a PDF document. It's important to ensure that the PDF is of high quality and easy to read. - While the task sounds simple, it requires concentration and attention as it's important that no details from the diary are lost in the transcription process. In conclusion, I'm seeking someone ...

For this project, I'm seeking an individual or team to create a medium-detail external architectural rendering in a photorealistic style. Key Responsibilities: - Create an exterior rendering of a building with basic landscaping and lighting - Aim for a photorealistic style with natural-looking light effects - Superior attention to detail expected, while maintaining an artistic eye Ideal Skills and Experience: - Proven background in architectural rendering - Expertise in using rendering software to create lifelike images - Strong grasp of lighting and landscaping elements - Portfolio showcasing external render jobs, particularly in photorealistic style.

I'm seeking an experienced writer who can deliver twice-weekly articles about MLB The Show Diamond Dynasty. As a fan of baseball and a player of this particular game, you will use your extensive knowledge to deliver high-quality articles covering an array of topics. The deliverable for this project is going to be one 1000 word article. These topics include: - New content releases for MLB The Show Diamond Dynasty writeups on the new players. - New Program guides, like the recent Egg Hunt Your articles should follow the classic news format. High-quality images accompanying the articles are a must to enhance the reader's understanding and engagement with the content. Ideal skills and experience: - Intimate knowledge of baseball and MLB The Show Diamond Dynasty game mode ...

I'm in need of a highly experienced professional with expertise in Accounting to handle aspects of my bookkeeping & accounting on a monthly basis. Specifically, I require: * General ledger maintenance * Bank reconciliation * Payroll processing * FreshBooks The ideal freelancer for this project should possess: * Extensive knowledge and experience in Accounting & bookkeeping in Dubai UAE * Exceptional bookkeeping skills including ledger maintenance and reconciliation * Proficiency in Payroll processing Experience in online or remote bookkeeping would be an added advantage. >>>>> Must be Dubai UAE <<<<

I'm in need of a talented song writer to create lyrics for a single, uplifting pop rock song. I'm not just looking for any freelance writer, I need a lyricist who has a deep understanding and appreciation of the pop rock genre. Key Requirements: - Proven experience in writing pop and rock lyrics - Ability to capture and illustrate 'uplifting' mood and feel in the lyrics - Capacity to deliver work in a timely manner If you love music and have a knack for creating impactful and uplifting lyrics, I would like to hear from you. Please share samples of your previous work in pop or rock music lyrics writing.

I'm in need of a talented content writer who possesses a solid background in microbiology to create compelling research articles designed for students. These articles should not only elucidate complex microbiology research topics but also be engaging and comprehensible for a student audience. The aim is to simplify the intricacies of microbiological research, making it accessible and interesting. **Requirements:** - Strong grasp of microbiology, specifically in research areas - Experience in translating complex scientific information into student-friendly language - Ability to write with clarity, ensuring the content is understandable for undergraduate students - Proficiency in literary research and citing sources accurately **Ideal Skills a...

I am looking for a technically and grammatically strong research article written in solid English. The topic is Serpents/Snakes in African Traditional Religion(s) (ATR). 5,000 words The writer must respect the cultural/religious/social viewpoints of ATR and must refrain from promoting unhelpful stereotypes and Western judgements. For example, it is insensitive to identify ATR as "primitive" or quote writings referring to Africans as "savages" etc. I have a host of online resources to be accessed and the writer may complement those with her/his own. I would prefer at least ten resources cited, twenty or more is ideal. The essay does not need an introduction or conclusion, just the core research material. The research material should respe...

I'm in search of a skilled content writer specializing in crafting engaging blog posts. - Focus: My aspiration is for these blog posts to center on lifestyle-related topics. - Length: Ideally, each blog post should be within the range of 500 to 1000 words. The ideal candidate would be someone experienced in lifestyle writing, possessing an engaging style, and capable of meeting my content length requirements. By demonstrating a deep understanding of the lifestyle niche, you could set yourself apart.

I am a beginner in Thai, seeking a dedicated freelance teacher. The class should: - Cater for beginners, building from the basics - Emphasize on basic conversational skills, reading and writing proficiency, and holistic understanding of Thai Culture - Conduct twice-weekly flexible lessons Ideal tutor should have: - Demonstrable expertise in teaching Thai to an English audience - Familiarity with Thai culture and able to incorporate it in lessons - Flexibility to work within my schedule. Need a native Thai speaker with good English proficiency

I'm seeking a seasoned 2D animation freelancer, with a wealth of knowledge and experience as a freelancer. I seek help with starting up as a freelancer and have primarily questions regarding the business side of things. I am a beginner freelancer who has produced some work for clients already, but in need of guidance with strategies for getting more clients. The ideal mentor would speak english, has built a successful freelance business for themselves, has a lot of experience, is a good communicator and willing to give guidance. Time Frame: Sessions should ideally last 1-2 hours, concentrated enough to impact learning effectively. Happy to pay an hourly rate

Necesitamos un programador experimentado para auditoria de código de nuestro proyecto software. El proyecto es un desarrollo de software a medida para de venta de autos usados. Stack tecnológico: -back end NodeJs -Frontend React -framework Nest -app Flutter El código posiblemente no está cumpliendo los estándares de calidad de software. TRABAJO A REALIZAR: - auditar el código conjuntamente con un encargado del área tecnología de la empresa, compartiendo la pantalla y posteriormente pasar en documentado con el detalle de la auditoria realizada. - exponer en la reunión toda las malas prácticas o errores que tiene el código. - revisar la infraestructura en digital ocean - realizar una revisión en g...

I need a versatile writer who can put their unique spin on Lifestyle and Movies micro-content. As my go-to freelancer, you'll be writing articles spanning from Fashion & Style, Travel & Adventure, to Health & Wellness, neatly summarizing into snippets of 60-100 words each. Your role involves: - Creating approximately 250 micro-articles weekly, that's nearly 30- 35daily. - Delivering succinct, captivating, and witty content that is easy to digest. The perfect fit will have: - A strong grasp of spelling, grammar, and syntax rules. - Experience writing in lifestyle and movie genres. - Creativity to make technical topics come alive. - Proven track record in producing quality short-form content. Let's capture audiences with your engaging mi...

I'm searching for a talented creative writer experienced in crafting fiction aimed at young adults. Your task will be captivating this audience by creating a unique story from a variety of perspectives. Ideal skills for this job include: - Superior creative writing abilities - Extensive experience in young adult fiction - Proven ability to write from multiple points of view - Solid understanding of plot development, character creation, and constructing page-turning twists Delivering a compelling and highly engaging story is the ultimate objective of this project. Your creativity, sense of narrative, and understanding of young adult readers will be crucial factors.

I am looking to develop a comprehensive web and mobile application for an educational ... • Interactive quizzes • Video tutorials • Discussion forums • LMS+CMS+communication tools The portal will be a resource for various forms of educational content such as: • Textbooks • Courses • Class notes • Assignments To ensure security, I require user authentication and access control through: • Login with email and password The ideal freelance candidate would be experienced in both web and mobile application development, with a specific focus on eLearning platforms. They would also have a strong understanding of user authentication methods. Familiarity with LMS (Learning Management Systems) and CMS (Con...

...available in Dubai. The ideal freelancer for this project will have experience in business-related presentations and a keen understanding of the leasing market in Dubai. The specific elements I want this presentation to include are: - The variety of benefits for businesses who choose to lease vehicles, each outlined clearly and concisely. These should include cost savings, tax benefits, and the flexibility that leasing provides. - A comparison of different car leasing options available in the market. This should be visually effective, with easily digested information allowing viewers to easily grasp the differences. Models are as follows: Mitsubishi ASX, Outlander & L200 BMW 330i M sport, X1 - Testimonials from satisfied clients who h...

Hi fomersari, I need an identical library to the dlis writer you completed a few months ago. I would like to make it open source. Contributing to dlisio if possible. How much do you think you need to complete the task? Thanks

I'm seeking an experienced technical writer for an intriguing task. The mission is to create a comprehensive Company Profile Document that will primarily serve in providing pertinent information to potential clients. Here's a brief outlook for the project: • The document will revolve around the industries we operate in, namely E-commerce, Education, Healthcare, Transportation, Logistics Systems, and Telecom. • The profile should be meticulously crafted to include crucial details about our Company's background, detailing our roots, evolution, mission, and vision. • It needs to have a detailed section dedicated to introducing our Products and Services, illustrating what we offer and how they're benefiting our growing clientele. ...

I'm seeking a professional grant writer with solid experience in developing SBIR proposals and a strong understanding of the biotechnology sector, specifically within the pharmaceuticals arena. The objective of this project is to secure funding for developing a cutting-edge technology. Key Skills and Experience: - Proven history of successful SBIR grant submissions - Broad and deep knowledge in biotechnology and pharmaceuticals - Proactive, with exceptional research and writing skills - Keen understanding of federal funding and proposal process This project involves preparing a winning SBIR grant proposal that meets all the requirements, standards and is geared towards building a robust case for the development of our ground-breaking pharmaceutical technology....

Self-motivated journalist assistant required! We are Seachtain, a weekly Irish language newspaper which is included in the Irish Independent (newspaper) on Wednesdays. Due to our Group's expanding interest in the in the Asian region, we are looking for a freelance, passionate and motivated individual who can carry out a range of basic journalist tasks (meaning as an assistant to one of our journalists) on an ad-hoc basis, in Malaysia. Journalistic-support assignments will vary and may range from reporting on topical news events, conferences, important community events, sport, business issues, interviews, etc. Subjects of interests to our readers will be sent routinely to the appointed individual in a timeous fashion and remuneration will be o...

Looking content write for longterm write content for SEO

I'm searching for an exceptional Islamic children's writer experienced in creating stories for preschool children aged 3-5. Here are the distinct requirements for the project: Theme and Characters: - The series should focus predominantly on an animal theme per book (10 animals in the series). - Each book should feature different characters, providing variety in each story's plot. - Each book is based on a specific animal and an Islamic moral Necessary Skills: - Exceptional creativity to develop engaging, age-appropriate text. - A strong understanding of child psychology and interests. - Outstanding skill in relating stories to the designated age group. - Expert writing skills to deliver exciting and captivating prose. Experience: - Prove...

I require the expertise of a skilled freelance photo editor. Key tasks to be performed include: - Color correction: Modify my photos to attain superior quality and aesthetic appeal. - Conversion to monochrome: Elevate my photos with a monochromatic or black and white color theme to match my web platform's design aesthetics. Ideally, the freelancer should have a keen eye for detail and previous experience in photo editing, particularly with monochrome effects. This project serves the primary purpose of publishing edited photos on my digital platform, thus understanding of web-optimization techniques would be beneficial.

I need a highly adept project manager experienced in WooCommerce and dropshipping, who can help in setting up a large-scale e-commerce website. This website will host an extensive range of product categories. Key Responsibilities: - Managing the overall project - Overseeing necessary WooCommerce configurations - Implementing a bold and vibrant website design Required Skills and Experience: - Extensive experience with WooCommerce - Familiarity with dropshipping business model - Ability to manage large-scale e-commerce projects - Experience in creating and implanting bold, vibrant web designs This isn't just a coding job. The ideal candidate is someone who can take the lead in making strategic decisions, who has a clear grasp of e-commerce best practices,...

...business-to-business company specializing in WordPress services, including website design, development, support, maintenance, content creation, and SEO. Our diverse clientele spans industries such as construction, recruitment, professional services, and e-commerce. With a globally dispersed small team, we efficiently cater to clients in the UK, USA, Canada, and Europe. POSITION: All-around Super VA RESPONSIBILITIES: As the all-around VA, your primary responsibility is to seamlessly handle the day-to-day operations, relieving the founder to focus on strategic initiatives. Initially, you'll be hands-on with tasks and later build and lead a team. - Working in our fast-paced environment, your role includes: - Checking and confirming client requirements into es...

I am seeking a skilled writer to produce a comprehensive article, over 1000 words in length, on the topic of data integration strategies. The piece needs to not only discuss the recent technological advancements but also the problems faced and the solutions that exist. Lastly, this article should also shed light on the pros and cons of these strategies. This article is geared towards a readership consisting mainly of executives and managers, so the writing should reflect this in tone and content. The goal is to provide a concise yet in-depth understanding of the current situation of data integration in the business world. Ideal Skills: • Strong writing and communication skills • Familiarity with Data Integration Technologies and Strategies...

I am seeking a talented Content Writer with proven expertise in SEO. The main goal is to generate leads and drive conversions through effective blog posts tailored for a discerning B2B audience. Key Tasks: - Craft engaging, SEO-optimized blog posts to attract and convert B2B clients. - Articulate complex ideas clearly and effectively to enhance brand authority. Ideal Skills: - Strong understanding of B2B markets. - SEO strategies and implementation. - Superior writing skills with an ability to tell compelling stories.

Project Overview: Euro Overseas Education is seeking a freelance graphic designer to redesign their current logo and develop a comprehensive brand kit to enhance their visual identity and brand recognition. Project Scope: Logo Redesign: - Create a modern, professional, and visually appealing logo that reflects Euro Overseas Education's commitment to excellence in education consultancy. - Incorporate elements that symbolize growth, guidance, and international reach. - Provide multiple initial design concepts for review and feedback. - Revise the selected concept based on client feedback until satisfaction. Brand Kit Development: - Define a cohesive brand identity including primary logo variations, secondary logos, and submarks for versatile use across di...

I'm seeking an SEO content writer to specifically focus on crafting 5 engaging blog articles, each consisting of around 1000 words. The content should be optimized for local SEO. Ideal Skills and Experience: - Proven experience in SEO content writing - Proficiency in local SEO techniques - Ability to create engaging blog articles - Understanding of product descriptions Scope of Work: - Create 5 blog articles, 1000 words each - Optimize content for local SEO - Deliver high-quality, original, and engaging content.

I'm in need of an expert SEO blog writer with hands-on experience in utilizing AI who can curate non-technical yet engaging educational content. This blog targets students and professionals, necessitating simple relatability and content they can easily digest. Ideal Expertise: - Solid SEO skills - Profound knowledge in education and AI - Proven experience writing non-technical contents - Deep understanding of needs and interests of students and professionals This task requires someone who can take complex ideas and distill them into appealing, readable content. Perfect communication in English is a must, as well as the ability to meet deadlines and deliver high-quality work. The final output should be able to drive traffic, engage readers, and ...

I'm on the look-out for a creative writer who can engage the general public with interesting blog posts about technology. Your role involves: - Crafting blog posts that take complex tech topics and present them in a way that is relatable for those with no specific tech knowledge. - Ensure content is unique, informative and attracts reader engagement. Ideal skills: - Expertise in writing about technology - Experience creating blog posts - Ability to communicate technical information to a layman audience.

...lead of a project aimed at developing an integrated management application for a medical clinic, hospital, and pharmacy. Our goal is to create a comprehensive and efficient software solution that streamlines the management of patients, doctors, appointments, billing, medication stocks, and provides additional services such as a dashboard and a laboratory module. We are currently seeking skilled freelance developers to assess the feasibility of this project. The key functionalities we intend to include are: Patient Management: Registration, consultation tracking, medical record management. Doctor Management: Registration, schedule management, patient assignment. Billing: Invoice management, payment tracking. Services: Management of offered services with pricing. Privilege Manage...

As someone gearing up to make significant changes to my business operations, I'm in need of a highly skilled NetSuite SuiteScript developer. With no need for customization, integration or workflow automation at this time, the professional's focus should be on mastering SuiteScript. Application Requirements: - Mainly, I require professionals to provide evidence of experience in their application. Ensure to lay out your past achievements and responsibilities related to SuiteScript. Ideal Skills: - Deep understanding and expertise in NetSuite SuiteScript. - Proven track record of jobs involving SuiteScript. If you find yourself meeting the above requirements, I'm excited to hear more about what your work with SuiteScript has entailed.