Plate Techtonics
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Movement of the Indian plate------
----------------------------------------------- Since the advent of the concept of sea. floor spreading. the interest in the problem of distribution of oceans and continents was revived. It was in 1967,McKenZie and Parker and also Morgan, Independently collected the available ideas and came out with another concept termed Plate Tectonics. A tectonic plate (also called lithospheric plate) is a massive ,irregularly -shaped slab of solid rock. generally composed of both continental and oceanic lithosphere, plates move horizontally over the asthenosphere as rigid units. The lithosphere includes the crust and top mantle with its thickness range varying between 5 and 100 km in oceanic parts and about 200 km in the continental areas.
A plate may be referred to as the continental areas .A plate may be referred to as the continental plate or oceanic plate depending on which of the two occupy a larger an oceanic plate whereas the Eurasian plate may be called a continental plate .The theory of plate tectonics proposes that the earth's lithosphere is dividend into seven major and some minor plates. young fold mountain ridges, trenches, and /or faults surround these major plates .
The Indian plate includes peninsular India and the Australian continental portions. The subduction zone along the Himalayas forms the northern plate boundary in the form of continent--continent convergence. In the east ,it extends through Rakinyoma Mountains of Myanmar towards the island are along the Java Trench.
The eastern margin is a spreading site lying to the east of Australia in the form of an oceanic ridge in SW Pacific. The western margin follows Kirthar Mountain of Pakistan .It further extends along The Makarna coast and joins the spreading site from the Red Sea rift southeastward along The Chagos Archipelago. The boundary between India and the Antarctic plate is also marked by oceanic ridge.
India was a large island situated off the Australian coast ,in a vast ocean. The Tethys Sea separated it from the Asian continent till about 225 million years ago.
India is supposed to have started her northward journey about 200 million years ago .at the time when Pangaea broke. India collided with Asia about 40-50 million years ago causing rapid uplift of the Himalayas. The positions of India since about 71 million years till the present .
about 140 million years before the present ,the subcontinent was located as south as 50S,[login to view URL] two major plates were separated by the Tethys Sea and the Tibetan block was closer to the Asiatic landmass.
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